Single Energy X-ray Absorptiometer and Skull X-ray

In accordance with this neurotropic antihypertensives share at the expense of the central and peripheral action. So way ganglioplegic reduce the stimulating effect of sympathetic innervation and catecholamines on the heart and blood vessels. Both drugs differ in duration of action: after the cessation of the systematic antihypertensive effect may persist up to 2 weeks. In the body of methyldopa becomes metilnoradrenalin and environment division metiladrenalin that amphetamine-liruyut a2adrenoreceptors center pressosensitive reflex. In sharp discontinuation of the drug develops a pronounced withdrawal syndrome: after 18-25 h blood pressure rises, environment division hypertensive crisis. In sharp schenii discontinue the drug withdrawal syndrome manifested after 48 hours Means that block peripheral sympathetic innervation. In contrast to clonidine in application of moxonidine less pronounced sedation, dry mouth, constipation, withdrawal symptoms. Side effects of methyldopa: here sedation, depression equilibrium position, environment division congestion, bradycardia, dry mouth, nausea, constipation, liver function abnormalities, leukopenia, trombotsitope-of. Higher centers of the sympathetic nervous system located in the hypothalamus. Hence, the excitation is transferred to the center of the sympathetic nervous system, located in the region continue rostroventrolateralnoy govatogo brain (RVLM - environment division traditionally called the vasomotor center. In This reduces the activity of the vasomotor center decreases Ser-dechny output and tone of blood vessels blood pressure decreases. Guanfacine (estulik) is similar to clonidine stimulates central a2adrenoreceptors. Trimetafan acting 10-15 min is introduced into the solution intravenously for controlled hypotension during surgical operations. Drug is prescribed inside for a systematic treatment of arterial hyper-tensor 1 per day. To lower blood pressure sympathetic innervation may be blocked at the level of: 1) sympathetic ganglia, 2) endings of postganglionic sympathetic (adrenergic) fibers, 3) ad-renoreceptors heart environment division blood vessels. However, the systematic use can cause subjective not-nice sedative effect (scattering of thoughts, inability to concentrate), depression, decreased tolerance to alcohol-zero, bradycardia, dry eyes, dry mouth (Dry mouth), constipation, impotence. In connection with the activation of CNS a2adrenoreceptors clonidine has a marked sedative effect, potentiates the action ethanol, exhibits analgesic properties. Solutions of clonidine in Certified Registered Nurse Anesthetist form of eye drops used in the treatment of glaucoma (decreases production of intraocular fluid). Guanetidin cause significant orthostatic hypotension (associated with a reduction of venous pressure) when applying reserpine orthostatic hypotension little pronounced. Guanetidin not penetrate through gematoentsefa-crystal barrier and does not alter the content catecholamines in the adrenal glands. Reserpine lowers norepinephrine, dopamine and serotonin in the CNS, as well as adrenaline and noradrenaline in the adrenal glands. Guanetidin reserpine significantly more effective, but because of significant side effects is rare. Ldrenoblokatory smozhnotimuliruyuschee reduce the influence of sympathetic innervation to blood vessels (arteries and veins) environment division . Therefore, when application sympatholytic possible: bradycardia, povyschenie secretion of environment division (contraindicated environment division peptic ulcer disease), diarrhea. Lower blood pressure can be achieved through oppression centers sympathetic nervous system or by blockade of the sympathetic innervation. As a consequence, reduced cardiac output and tone of shelter-bearing vessels (arterial and venous) - lowers blood pressure. Clonidine - highly active anti-hypertensive agent (therapeutic dose assignment inside 0.000075 g) operates about 12 h. Accordingly, applying ganglioplegic, sympatholytic, adrenoblokators.